Camera

A camera is a device used to take movies (commonly photographs), either individually or in series, with or without sound, such as with video cameras. The name is derived from camera obscura, Latin for "dark chamber", an early device for projecting images in which an whole room functioned much as the internal workings of a modern photographic camera, except there was no way at this time to record the image short of manually tracing it. Cameras may work with the visual continuum or other portions of the electromagnetic continuum.
Every camera consists of a few kind of enclosed board room, with an opening or aperture at one end for light to enter, and a recording or viewing surface for capturing the light at the other end. This breadth of the aperture is often controlled by an diaphragm mechanism, but some cameras have a fixed-size aperture.
While the dimension of the aperture and the brightness of the scene control the amount of light that enters the camera during photographing, the secure controls the duration of time that the light hits the recording surface. For example, in minor light situations, the shutter rate should be slower (longer time spent open) to allow the film to capture what little light is present.
There are various ways of focusing a camera perfectly. The simplest cameras have fixed focus and use a small aperture and wide-angle lens to ensure that everything within a certain series of distance from the lens (usually around 3 meters (10 feet) to infinity) is in reasonable focus.